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India,the seventh largest country(total: 3,287,590 sq km/land: 2,973,190 sq km/water: 314,400 sq km)of the world is situated in South Asia.India is officially known as Republic of India.The capital of India is Delhi.The large country shares it’s border with Pakistan to the west,China, Nepal and Bhutan to the north-east; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east.
Sri Lanka,the Maldives,and Indonesia are the neighbouring countries in the Indian ocean to the south.India is surrounded by three oceans-Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east.
India had been recognized for centuries for its cultural wealth.Four great religions-Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism had been flourished here.And several other religions like Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity and Islam had arrived in the region in the next millenium.India had become a colonial kingdom of United Kingdom in early 18th century.In 1947 on 15th August India had gained freedom after a bloodshaded struggle of 200 years.
After 60 years of independence,India has turned up to have the second fastest growing large economy,though poverty, illiteracy, and malnutrition still exist.
HISTORY:- The great Indus Valley Civilization had flourished in western India 3300 BC.Later Vedic Culture grew followed by Hinduism in 500 BC.Around 550 BC Mahajanapadas were set up.A number of dynesties-Maurya, Kushan, Gupta, Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas, Hoysalas, Pallavas, Pandyas, and Cholas reigned in India.The period of Gupta dynesty (4th to 6th centuries A.D) was considered as the Golden Age.
Later between 10th and 12th centuries rulers of Delhi Sultanate and Mughal ruled over north India.By the end of 17th century Mughal empire was overshadowed by the Marathas.
By the end of 16th century,many European countries like Portugal, the Netherlands, France, and the United Kingdom discovered India as a lucrative trading centre.
Gradually India came under the control of East India Company at the end of 1856.In 1857 a nationwide Sipoy Mutiny had shaken the British empire which ultimately failed due to various reasons.As a consequence India became a colonial state under UK
In the beginning of 20th century Indian National Congress started struggle for independence.In 1947 on 15th august India got freedom but at the cost of the partition of India-Pakistan as demanded by the Muslim League.
GEOGRAPHY:-India is bounded by Himalaya Range in the north,Aravalli Range in the west,Satpura and Vindhya ranges in central India.
Two important rivers The Ganges and The Brahmaputra and their tributories drain into Bay of Bengal.Two tributories of the Ganges,Yamuna and Koshi cause flood sometimes.India’s coast line is 7,517 kilometers long.
The Thar Desert and Rann of Kutch in the west, the Sundarbans delta in the east have completed the territory of India.It has two archipelagos: the Lakshadweep and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
CLIMATE:- Northern part of the country observes mild cold weather,while in southern part tropical climate persists.Western part is mostly dry and desert.
GOVERNMENT:-The constitution of India,the longest in the world was imposed in 1950 on 26th january. The preamble of the constitution defines India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic country.The government has three departments- Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary.Parliament,the legislature of India is formed of Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha. The Executive section consists of the President, Vice-President, and the Council of Ministers. The Judiciary branch consists of the Supreme Court,led by the Chief Justice of India, twenty-one High Courts, and a number of other courts.
President--Pratibha Patil
Vice President--Mohammed Hamid Ansari
Prime Minister--Dr. Manmohan Singh
Home Minister--Shivraj Patil
Minister of External Affairs--Pranab Mukherjee
Ambassador to the U.S.--Ronen Sen
Ambassador to the UN--Nirupam Sen
REGIONS:- India has 28 states and 7 Union Territory.
States:
1. Andhra Pradesh
2. Arunachal Pradesh
3. Assam
4. Bihar
5. Chhattisgarh
6. Goa
7. Gujarat
8. Haryana
9. Himachal Pradesh
10. Jammu and Kashmir
11. Jharkhand
12. Karnataka
13. Kerala
14. Madhya Pradesh
15. Maharashtra
16. Manipur
17. Meghalaya
18. Mizoram
19. Nagaland
20. Orissa
21. Punjab
22. Rajasthan
23. Sikkim
24. Tamil Nadu
25. Tripura
26. Uttar Pradesh
27. Uttarakhand
28. West Bengal
Union Territories:
1.Andaman and Nicobar Islands
2.Chandigarh
3.Dadra and Nagar Haveli
4.Daman and Diu
5.Lakshadweep
6.National Capital Territory of Delhi
7.Puducherry
ECONOMY:-Mumbai Stock Exchange is Asia's oldest and India's largest stock exchange as well.
Other economical statistics:-
GDP/PPP (2007 est.): $2.965 trillion; per capita $2,700.
Real growth rate: 8.5%.
Inflation: 5.9%.
Unemployment: 7.2%.
Arable land: 49%.
Agriculture: rice,wheat,oilseed,cotton,jute,tea,sugarcane,potatoes.
Labor force: 516.4 million; agriculture 60%, services 12%, industry 28% (2003).
Industries: textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel, transportation equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery, software.
Natural resources: coal (4th largest in the world),iron ore,manganese,mica,bauxite, titanium ore,chromite,natural gas,diamonds,petroleum,limestone,
Exports: $140.8 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.): textile goods, gems and jewelry, engineering goods, chemicals, leather manufactures.
Imports: $224.1 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.): crude oil, machinery, gems, fertilizer, chemicals. Major trading partners: U.S., UAE, China, Germany, UK, Singapore (2006).
Monetary unit: Rupee
CULTURE:- Taj mahal is the greatest instance of Indian architecture. world's biggest Hindu Temple,the Srirangam Temple is situated in Tiruchirappalli,Tamil Nadu.The rich tradition of Indian classical music is provincially devided into North Indian Hindustani and South Indian Carnatic gharana.Some great Indian classical dances are bharatanatyam of Tamil Nadu, kathak of Uttar Pradesh, kathakali and mohiniyattam of Kerala, kuchipudi of Andhra Pradesh, manipuri of Manipur, odissi of the state of Orissa.The earliest Sanskrit works were Vedas, the epics Mahābhārata and Ramayana, the drama Abhijñānaśākuntalam, the Mahakavya by Kalidas and the Tamil Sangam literature.Rabindranath Tagore won the Nobel Prize in 1913.India's national sport is field hockey.India won World cup cricket in 1983.Indian Film Industry is the biggest in the world.
UNICEF:-UNICEF has made significant steps in wiping out polio from India.It also distributes 49 million doses of vitamin A and iron tablets.Unicef in India is consistently campaigning to get rid of AIDS,malnutriton,and tries to greaten literacy.
POPUATION:-India is the second most populated country(1,132,446,000).
Growth rate: 1.6%
Birth rate: 22.7/1000
Infant mortality rate: 34.6/1000
Life expectancy: 68.6
Density per sq mi: 984
Literacy rate: 61% (2005 est.)
LANGUAGE:- Hindi(30%)is the National language.
Other Official languages are English, Bengali, Gujarati, Kashmiri, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu, Kannada, Assamese, Sanskrit, Sindhi.
CITIES:- Delhi is the capital city.Other Largest cities are mumbai(largest), Kolkata,Bangalore,Chennai,Ahmedabad,Hyderabad, Kanpur.
RACE:- Indo-Aryan 72%
Dravidian 25%
Mongoloid and other 3% (2000)
RELIGION:-Hindu 81%
Islam 13%
Christian 2%
Sikh 2% (2001)
Sri Lanka,the Maldives,and Indonesia are the neighbouring countries in the Indian ocean to the south.India is surrounded by three oceans-Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east.
India had been recognized for centuries for its cultural wealth.Four great religions-Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism had been flourished here.And several other religions like Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity and Islam had arrived in the region in the next millenium.India had become a colonial kingdom of United Kingdom in early 18th century.In 1947 on 15th August India had gained freedom after a bloodshaded struggle of 200 years.
After 60 years of independence,India has turned up to have the second fastest growing large economy,though poverty, illiteracy, and malnutrition still exist.
HISTORY:- The great Indus Valley Civilization had flourished in western India 3300 BC.Later Vedic Culture grew followed by Hinduism in 500 BC.Around 550 BC Mahajanapadas were set up.A number of dynesties-Maurya, Kushan, Gupta, Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas, Hoysalas, Pallavas, Pandyas, and Cholas reigned in India.The period of Gupta dynesty (4th to 6th centuries A.D) was considered as the Golden Age.
Later between 10th and 12th centuries rulers of Delhi Sultanate and Mughal ruled over north India.By the end of 17th century Mughal empire was overshadowed by the Marathas.
By the end of 16th century,many European countries like Portugal, the Netherlands, France, and the United Kingdom discovered India as a lucrative trading centre.
Gradually India came under the control of East India Company at the end of 1856.In 1857 a nationwide Sipoy Mutiny had shaken the British empire which ultimately failed due to various reasons.As a consequence India became a colonial state under UK
In the beginning of 20th century Indian National Congress started struggle for independence.In 1947 on 15th august India got freedom but at the cost of the partition of India-Pakistan as demanded by the Muslim League.
GEOGRAPHY:-India is bounded by Himalaya Range in the north,Aravalli Range in the west,Satpura and Vindhya ranges in central India.
Two important rivers The Ganges and The Brahmaputra and their tributories drain into Bay of Bengal.Two tributories of the Ganges,Yamuna and Koshi cause flood sometimes.India’s coast line is 7,517 kilometers long.
The Thar Desert and Rann of Kutch in the west, the Sundarbans delta in the east have completed the territory of India.It has two archipelagos: the Lakshadweep and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
CLIMATE:- Northern part of the country observes mild cold weather,while in southern part tropical climate persists.Western part is mostly dry and desert.
GOVERNMENT:-The constitution of India,the longest in the world was imposed in 1950 on 26th january. The preamble of the constitution defines India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic country.The government has three departments- Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary.Parliament,the legislature of India is formed of Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha. The Executive section consists of the President, Vice-President, and the Council of Ministers. The Judiciary branch consists of the Supreme Court,led by the Chief Justice of India, twenty-one High Courts, and a number of other courts.
President--Pratibha Patil
Vice President--Mohammed Hamid Ansari
Prime Minister--Dr. Manmohan Singh
Home Minister--Shivraj Patil
Minister of External Affairs--Pranab Mukherjee
Ambassador to the U.S.--Ronen Sen
Ambassador to the UN--Nirupam Sen
REGIONS:- India has 28 states and 7 Union Territory.
States:
1. Andhra Pradesh
2. Arunachal Pradesh
3. Assam
4. Bihar
5. Chhattisgarh
6. Goa
7. Gujarat
8. Haryana
9. Himachal Pradesh
10. Jammu and Kashmir
11. Jharkhand
12. Karnataka
13. Kerala
14. Madhya Pradesh
15. Maharashtra
16. Manipur
17. Meghalaya
18. Mizoram
19. Nagaland
20. Orissa
21. Punjab
22. Rajasthan
23. Sikkim
24. Tamil Nadu
25. Tripura
26. Uttar Pradesh
27. Uttarakhand
28. West Bengal
Union Territories:
1.Andaman and Nicobar Islands
2.Chandigarh
3.Dadra and Nagar Haveli
4.Daman and Diu
5.Lakshadweep
6.National Capital Territory of Delhi
7.Puducherry
ECONOMY:-Mumbai Stock Exchange is Asia's oldest and India's largest stock exchange as well.
Other economical statistics:-
GDP/PPP (2007 est.): $2.965 trillion; per capita $2,700.
Real growth rate: 8.5%.
Inflation: 5.9%.
Unemployment: 7.2%.
Arable land: 49%.
Agriculture: rice,wheat,oilseed,cotton,jute,tea,sugarcane,potatoes.
Labor force: 516.4 million; agriculture 60%, services 12%, industry 28% (2003).
Industries: textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel, transportation equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery, software.
Natural resources: coal (4th largest in the world),iron ore,manganese,mica,bauxite, titanium ore,chromite,natural gas,diamonds,petroleum,limestone,
Exports: $140.8 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.): textile goods, gems and jewelry, engineering goods, chemicals, leather manufactures.
Imports: $224.1 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.): crude oil, machinery, gems, fertilizer, chemicals. Major trading partners: U.S., UAE, China, Germany, UK, Singapore (2006).
Monetary unit: Rupee
CULTURE:- Taj mahal is the greatest instance of Indian architecture. world's biggest Hindu Temple,the Srirangam Temple is situated in Tiruchirappalli,Tamil Nadu.The rich tradition of Indian classical music is provincially devided into North Indian Hindustani and South Indian Carnatic gharana.Some great Indian classical dances are bharatanatyam of Tamil Nadu, kathak of Uttar Pradesh, kathakali and mohiniyattam of Kerala, kuchipudi of Andhra Pradesh, manipuri of Manipur, odissi of the state of Orissa.The earliest Sanskrit works were Vedas, the epics Mahābhārata and Ramayana, the drama Abhijñānaśākuntalam, the Mahakavya by Kalidas and the Tamil Sangam literature.Rabindranath Tagore won the Nobel Prize in 1913.India's national sport is field hockey.India won World cup cricket in 1983.Indian Film Industry is the biggest in the world.
UNICEF:-UNICEF has made significant steps in wiping out polio from India.It also distributes 49 million doses of vitamin A and iron tablets.Unicef in India is consistently campaigning to get rid of AIDS,malnutriton,and tries to greaten literacy.
POPUATION:-India is the second most populated country(1,132,446,000).
Growth rate: 1.6%
Birth rate: 22.7/1000
Infant mortality rate: 34.6/1000
Life expectancy: 68.6
Density per sq mi: 984
Literacy rate: 61% (2005 est.)
LANGUAGE:- Hindi(30%)is the National language.
Other Official languages are English, Bengali, Gujarati, Kashmiri, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu, Kannada, Assamese, Sanskrit, Sindhi.
CITIES:- Delhi is the capital city.Other Largest cities are mumbai(largest), Kolkata,Bangalore,Chennai,Ahmedabad,Hyderabad, Kanpur.
RACE:- Indo-Aryan 72%
Dravidian 25%
Mongoloid and other 3% (2000)
RELIGION:-Hindu 81%
Islam 13%
Christian 2%
Sikh 2% (2001)
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